Iran, officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq to the west, Turkey and Armenia to the northwest, Azerbaijan to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, and the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman to the south. Iran has a population of around 83 million people and is the 18th most populous country in the world. It is also the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th largest in the world.

Iran has a rich and complex history, with a civilization that dates back to ancient times. It has been ruled by various empires and dynasties over the centuries, including the Persian Empire, the Arab Caliphate, and the Ottoman Empire. In 1979, following the Islamic Revolution, Iran became an Islamic republic with a theocratic government led by Shia clergy.

Geographically, Iran is divided into several regions, including the mountainous northwest, the central plateau, and the eastern region, which includes the vast desert region of Dasht-e Kavir. The country has a diverse mix of cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority of the population being Shia Muslims. Persian, also known as Farsi, is the official language of Iran.

Iran has a mixed economy that is heavily dependent on oil exports, although the country has diversified its economy in recent years to include other industries such as manufacturing, services, and tourism. The country is rich in natural resources, including oil, natural gas, and minerals.

Iran has a long-standing and contentious relationship with the United States, particularly due to its nuclear program and alleged involvement in terrorism. The country is also involved in regional conflicts, including the ongoing conflict in Syria and its support for militant groups in the Middle East. Iran's relationship with other countries in the region, including Saudi Arabia, Israel, and the United Arab Emirates, is often strained.

Iran maintains contact with 94 countries. The five most intense relations Iran has are with: United States with a score of 112 704 , Israel with a score of 58 989 , Pakistan with a score of 50 690 , United Kingdom with a score of 46 471 , and China with a score of 46 195 .

The top five closest relations from Iran are: India with a score of 9.86 , Turkmenistan with a score of 9.72 , Armenia with a score of 9.72 , European Union with a score of 9.72 , and Japan with a score of 9.72 .

While, the top five strained relations from Iran are: Israel with a score of 0.0 , Arab League with a score of 0.21 , Albania with a score of 0.28 , Saudi Arabia with a score of 0.35 , and Bahrain with a score of 0.42 .